Wednesday, December 25, 2019

The Writing Essay Cover Up

The Writing Essay Cover Up A few of the essays require that you describe what's happening and a number of them are about why it's happening. To begin with, you have to pick from your experiences. When you stick with your intended language from the beginning, you will produce the essay more consistent to the conventions of that language. Though your style might be unconventional, you've got to make the ideas simple for the reader to follow. Writing an effective introduction plays an extremely significant role in getting good grades. The prompt should require no more than the prior knowledge that's been emphasized in class instruction. Taking a look at the statistics of all of the secondary schools and tertiary institutions in Nigeria with the variety of students in every single school, it demonstrates that the entries continue to be very poor. Writing papers in college demands that you produce sophisticated, complex. The Death of Writing Essay You will be used and no question is going to be asked. There isn't anything wrong if you rely on it, but be sure that you consider the matter of plagiarism seriously. If you pick a challenging essay topic for a specific reason, or when you have zero choice and thegiven topic doesn't interest you much, do take the assistance of Professional Advisers. Second, you must offer an answer to that question. You ought to make sure that you're very interested in the topic before you may persuade others about it. In the event the topic isn't specified, please choose a topic you're comfortable with and straightforward. Your topic should additionally have a direction. Don't make the error of writing all of the info you know regarding a specific topic. An individual may order customized essays and papers by way of filling in the required form on its website. Becoming acquainted with writing and its different styles will help to make writing not such a challenging task later on. There are lots of innovative writing ideas you can find with by combining different stories. List everything you may think about it and earn a list. Whatever you present in your essay ought to be reasonable and based on the information which you have collected. Put simply, just what purpose do you want to express in your essay. When an essay was made personal, it would be an easier read. Each essay differs and has to be personalizedas per the subject. In an Analytical essay, the manner in which you use the information that you collect counts a considerably. Essay Types The very first thing you have to note is that there are different sorts of essays. Though cause and effect essays form another sort of essays, it may also be subdivided into four different types. There are various types of essays that are employed in the current century. 1 thing you ought to do in order to develop a great essay writing is to spell it right. Which is the reason why it is crucial to stress the simple fact that writing a great dissertation is extremely important. While writing an essay for the academic purpose you've got to revive your imagination in addition to do the necessary fieldwork. When considering various kinds of essays one has to be mindful that what the assignment is about.

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

The Virtue of Discrimination Essay - 1065 Words

The Virtue of Discrimination Discrimination is a word that has taken on a negative connotation in todays society. Since the beginning of the equal rights movement, the perceived meaning of the word discrimination has shifted from that of a useful virtue to one of an insulting, derogatory word. Robert Keith Miller wrote an essay for Newsweek in the summer of 1980 that focuses on the discrepancies in the use of the word discrimination. â€Å"Discrimination Is a Virtue† points out the differences in the dictionary’s definition of the word discrimination and the perceived societal definition of the word. Miller explains the confusion of the word discrimination with the words discriminate against and worries that discrimination may be†¦show more content†¦He seeks to eliminate the negative association with the word discrimination and writes the article in an attempt to illustrate the need for discrimination in society. Miller presents discrimination as â€Å"a virtue which we desperate ly need†(87). He uses the issue of â€Å"mainstreaming† in the school system to illustrate its’ lack of discrimination and similarly, our mental health systems perceived rush to return its’ patients to the â€Å"real world†(86). Miller also points out the irony of our societies ability to use good discrimination in our day to day lives but not as a group when making important governmental policies(86). These examples are used to illustrate the benefit of discrimination in our schools, mental health system and governmental policy making. He ultimately seeks to keep his readers open-minded, â€Å"but not so open-minded that our brains fall out† (87). â€Å"Discrimination Is a Virtue† uses a compare and contrast structured argument to illustrate the virtues of discrimination. Miller begins this argument by first defining discrimination as â€Å"the ability to tell differences† (86). He also uses the Oxford English Dictionary to define it as â€Å"discernment; the ability to perceive the truth, use good judgment and to profit accordingly† (86). This same Dictionary â€Å"traces this understanding of the word back to 1648 and demonstrates that for the next 300Show MoreRelatedThe Aspects Of Business Ethics1435 Words   |  6 PagesOver the course of this semester, we have covers several aspects of business ethics. I will be covering Chapter 11, Diversity and Discrimination, to break down discrimination, equal opportunity, and affirmative action. I served in the military for 13 years, and there are regulations that pertain to these three topics. The Armed Forces is a very diverse organization, and all enti ties stress regulations and procedures when it comes to equal opportunity. During my time in the U.S. Army, I had leadersRead MoreThe Benefits Of Human Reproductive Cloning989 Words   |  4 Pages(Sanchez-Sweatman 2000). Indirectly, there is a strong likelihood for social resentment and discrimination towards clones which would be a form of psychological and social deprivation. The discrimination in modern society is abundant of discrimination and social resentment towards any sort of deviant of the social norm, even belated to the introduction of human clones into society. Specifically looking discrimination under sexual orientation, based on statistics presented by the National Gay and LesbianRead MoreAffirmative Action Essay968 Words   |  4 Pagesslavery and discrimination and women had very little liberty. In the present, the United States is much closer to equality, yet gender and race still play a role in life’s opportunities given the high frequency of affirmativ e action programs; they attempt to increase the representation of minorities on college campuses and in the office, regardless of virtue. 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Favoritism gives benefits to some people without a justifiable reason for singling them out; discrimination imposes burdens on people who are no different from those on whom burdens are not imposed. Both favoritism and discrimination are unjust and wrong. The common-good Approach to ethics assumes a society comprising individuals whose own good is inextricablyRead MoreEssay on Ethics Case Study1554 Words   |  7 Pageslifestyles. Furthermore, if the school accepts the sponsorship offered in conjunction with the stipulated conditions it would ultimately be endorsing discrimination against Molly based on her appearance. The focus ethical frameworks that have been use to provide my final recommendations for this scenario are Consequentialism, Non-Consequentialism, Virtue Ethics and Care Ethics. Consequentialism is an action-based decision making framework which determines whether an act is right or wrong based onRead MoreCase Analysis : Goodyear Tire And Rubber Company1337 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscusses a case of Ledbetter vs the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company where Lilly Ledbetter, the only female production supervisor at Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company’s plant in Gadsent, had worked for over 20 years. She sued the company over gender discrimination in regard to her pay in 1998. Her salary was as much as 40 percent lower than that of the lowest-paid male supervisor (Brake and Grossman, 2007). Her lawsuit was rejected as untimely by The Supreme Court, who issued a 5-4 ruling because sheRead MoreAffirmative Action: Equality for All? Essay1741 Words   |  7 PagesAffirmative action contradicts itself, by saying that racial discrimination is wrong and we should all have equal opportunities in a color-blind society but then gives opportunities solely based on r ace. Affirmative action is unethical and this idea is supported by moral philosophy subjects such as Kantianism, Utilitarianism, Social Contract, and Virtue Theory. Arguments against affirmative action are that it: creates reverse discrimination, lowers standards for minorities, and demeans true minorityRead MoreThe Problem Of A Virtual Unethical Stigma1205 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to virtue ethical system, ethnicity should not be a deciding factor despite the common belief that diversity help students learn by creating diverse perspectives. Virtue ethics is an approach to ethics that emphasizes an individual s character as the key element of ethical thinking. Virtue ethical theories originate to ancient Greek philosophy discussion of what were recognized as the four cardinal virtues- wisdom, justice, fortitude and temperance. The roots of virtue theory lie inRead MoreEmployment-At-Will Doctrine Essay1277 Words   |  6 Pages At the same time the paper will address the importance of whistleblower police for any organization. While the employment-at-will allows employers to terminate their staff at any moment, at the same time it protect the staff from any type of discrimination. Employment-At-Will According to the National Conference of State Legislatures (2013), most of the countries around the world permit the termination of employment with a legitimate cause. However, in the United States is different; employ/employer

Monday, December 9, 2019

Analysis of Electronic Payment Systems free essay sample

?Many of us have become accustomed to electronic payment systems. These systems will continue to increase as businesses and banks present more opportunities to use them. Resource: Ch. 9 of Essentials of Management Information Systems Answer the following questions in 200 to 300 words: 1. Name and describe various categories of e-commerce. The three main categories of e-commerce are: †¢ Business-to-Consumer (B2C) electronic commerce involves retailing products and services to individual shoppers. BarnesandNoble. com, which sells books, software, and music to individual consumers, is an example of B2C e-commerce. †¢ Business-to-Business (B2B) electronic commerce involves sales of goods and services among businesses. ChemConnect’s Web site for buying and selling chemicals and plastics is an example of B2B e-commerce. †¢ Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) electronic commerce involves consumers selling directly to consumers. For example, eBay, the giant Web auction site, enables people to sell their goods to other consumers by auctioning their merchandise off to the highest bidder, or for a fixed price. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Electronic Payment Systems or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Craigslist is the most widely used platform used by consumers to buy from and sell directly to others. Each of which has special characteristics that depend on the value of order. Micro Payment (less than $ 10) that is mainly conducted in C2C and B2C e-commerce. Consumer Payment that has a value between $ 10 and $ 500. It is conducted mainly in B2C transactions. Business Payment that has the value more than $ 500. It is conducted mainly in B2B e-commerce. Three classes of typical electronic transactions: Tiny value transactions: below $1. Medium value transactions: between $ 1 and $ 1,000 Large value transactions: above $ 1,000. Systems that can support tiny value transactions have to trade-off between conveniences of transactions (the major part of a cost in an extremely cheap transaction) vs. the security or durability of transactions. On the other side of the amount range, large value transactions will require highly secure protocols whose implementations are costly: be on-line and/or carry traceability information. Finally, nearly all the system can perform medium value transactions. Another way of classifying electronic commerce transactions is by the platforms used in a transaction. Most e-commerce transactions took place using a personal computer connected to the Internet over wired networks, until recently. Now two wireless mobile alternatives, including smartphones and tablet computers, like iPads, and e-readers, such as Kindle using cellular networks, and smartphones and small tablet computers using Wi-Fi wireless networks. The use of handheld wireless devices for purchasing goods and services from any location is termed mobile commerce or m-commerce. Both business-to-business and business-to-consumer e-commerce transactions can take place using m-commerce technology. 2. Compare and contrast electronic payment systems. Which type do you use most often? Which type is most applicable for organizations you interact with regularly? Electronic payment systems can be classified into four categories: Online Credit Card Payment System: This payment system has been widely accepted by consumers and merchants throughout the world, and by far the most popular methods of payments especially in the retail markets. Credit card payment three basic categories: (1) payment using clean credit card details (2) payment using encrypted credit card details and (3) payment using third party verification. Online Electronic Cash System: Combines computerized convenience with security and privacy that improve on paper cash. Its versatility opens up a host of new markets and applications. E-cash is an electronic or digital form of value storage and value exchange that have limited convertibility into other forms of value and require intermediaries to convert. E-cash presents some characteristics like monetary value, storability and irretrievability, interoperability and security. Electronic Cheque System: The e-cheque method was created to work in much the same way as conventional paper cheque. An account holder will issue an electronic document that contains the name of the financial institution, the payer’s account number, the name of payee and amount of cheque. Most of the information is in uncoded form. Like a paper cheques echeques also bear the digital equivalent of signature: a computed number that authenticates the cheque from the owner of the account. The process of electronic chequing system steps: Step 1: a purchaser fills a purchase order form, attaches a payment advice (electronic cheque), signs it with his private key (using his signature hardware), attaches his public key certificate, encrypts it using his private key and sends it to the vendor. Step 2: the vendor decrypts the information using his private key, checks the purchaser’s certificates, signature and cheque, attaches his deposit slip, and endorses the deposit attaching his public key certificates. This is encrypted and sent to his bank. Step 3: the vendor’s bank checks the signatures and certificates and sends the cheque for clearance. The banks and clearing houses normally have a private secure data network. Step 4: when the cheque is cleared, the amount is credited to the vendor’s account and a credit advice is sent to him. Step 5: the purchaser gets a consolidated debit advice periodically. Smart Cards based Electronic Payment System: are essentially credit card sized plastic cards with the memory chips and in some cases, with microprocessors embedded in them so as to serve as storage devices for much greater information than credit cards34 with inbuilt transaction processing capability. Some systems are quite similar, and differ only in some minor details. All these systems have ability or potential to displace cash and widely different technical specifications make it difficult to choose an appropriate payment system. The only electronic payment system I use these days is the Online Credit Card Payment System. Before debit cards I did use the Electronic Cheque System quite a bit to pay bills over the phone. Each payment system has its advantages and disadvantages for the customers and merchants. I don’t keep a checkbook anymore though, just my debit card. These payment systems have numbers of requirements; such as security, acceptability, convenience, cost, anonymity, control, and traceability. Therefore, instead of focusing on the technological specifications of various electronic payment systems, the researchers have distinguished electronic payment systems based on what is being transmitted over the network; and analyze the difference of each electronic payment system by evaluating their requirements, characteristics and assess the applicability of each system. 3. Explain how Internet technology supports business-to-business e-commerce. As payment is an integral part of mercantile process, electronic payment system is an integral part of e-commerce. The emergence of e-commerce has created new financial needs that in many cases cannot be effectively fulfilled by traditional payment systems. One of the technological innovations in banking, finance and commerce is the Electronic Payments. Electronic Payments (epayments) refers to the technological breakthrough that enables us to perform financial transactions electronically, thus avoiding long lines and other hassles. Electronic Payments provides greater freedom to individuals in paying their taxes, licenses, fees, fines and purchases at unconventional locations and at whichever time of the day, 365 days of the year.

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Three Dancing Goats Essay Example

Three Dancing Goats Essay The Three Dancing Goats fTT^HIS evening I am going to tell you the JL tale of the three dancing goats, began Baba Trinco as he squatted on the floor and greeted us with his broad smile. Once upon a time it happened that a hardworking young peasant was lucky enough to possess three dancing goats. He was lucky because they brought him all he desired a little comfort for his widowed mother, and a pretty wife. He and his mother lived in a little bamboo hut and had a small plot of grazing land. Their entire wealth consisted of a couple of cows. When a year of drought came they were in great rouble, so that one morning the widowed mother with tears in her eyes said to her son: Sindhu, we shall have to get rid of the two cows. So go to the market-town and sell them/ The thought of selling the cows they loved so much distressed the boy. It was a pity that they had not enough fodder; but what could they do? So Sindhu set out with the two cows and The Three Dancing Goats said to himself that he was not going to sell them to a butcher and that he would beg their purchaser to take great care of them. Before coming to the market town he met an old woman who was also going to market to ell her three goats. Both Sindhu and the woman rested under a tree and both plucked leaves from it to feed their pets. The old woman looked at the boy compassionately as he was feeding the cows, and said: Tell me, my lad, what is troubling you I know it is not a good time for the peasants/ What can I do? I have to sell the two cows we love so much/ murmured Sindhu. The old woman asked him all sorts of questions and at last came close and said : My dear lad, I like you and admire your love for your cows. Let me have them and I promise they shall be well cared for. You take my three goats/ We will write a custom essay sample on Three Dancing Goats specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Three Dancing Goats specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Three Dancing Goats specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Nonsense/ replied Sindhu. What can we do with your goats, my dear woman? We must have grain for our own meals, and how can I feed your goats? But these goats are much better than money, and they will some day bring fortune to you/ the old woman said in a solemn voice. 24 The Three Dancing Goats Then she drew a little bamboo flute from her willow basket and began to play. Would you believe it? The three goats began to dance to the tune ! They were lovely goats from the Himalayan region, quite different from the ones we see in the plains. They had long hair, long flapping ears and round noses. The old woman called them Chdpu. 44 Sindhu was greatly amused at the performance of the dancing goats, and he believed what the old woman said about them. They might not bring him a fortune, but he would certainly be able to earn a few pennies every day by entertaining the village folk. Thus he argued in his own mind and accepted the offer. Be content with what you have got, my son/ the old woman said gently; here is the flute and there are my beloved goats. God bless you all/ Then she took Sindhus two cows and went her way. And Sindhu? Wasnt he pleased with the bargain! He played the flute and the goats danced to the tune. Joyfully he made his way along the path across the meadow in order to reach home as quickly as he could. But when his mother saw what he had brought back, she was unhappy. Sindhu played the flute and the three goats danced as merrily The Three Dancing Goats as ever, but it only made her sad. She thought her son had been cheated by the wicked marketfolk or perhaps he had lost his senses. Are you sure you have not been cheated, my son? she cried. We have hardly enough food to keep ourselves from starvation. What will you do with these silly goats? Dont be afraid, Mother, implored Sindhu. 1 am neither mad nor light-headed. The dear old woman who exchanged these wonderful goats for our cows told me that they would some day bring us luck. And I believe her. If they do not bring in a few pennies for our livelihood, they will certainly fetch a handsome price from our landlord. Now Sindhus landlord lived close to the village. His d aughter, a girl of great beauty, soon heard of the dancing goats and wanted her father to summon the peasant for her entertainment. So one day Sindhu took his flute and goats and went to the landowners house. He played his flute as well as he possibly could and the three dancing goats danced as merrily as ever. Their lovely long ears flapped in rhythm and the movements of their limbs were very graceful. It was an enchanting performance. The landowners daughter offered to buy The Three Dancing Goats one of the goats and asked what price Sindhu wanted for it. It cannot be purchased with money, dear lady/ declared Sindhu, adding that if she really wanted one of his precious pets she would have to pay a visit to his widowed mother and take her a barrel of foodstuffs. For he lived and aboured for his mothers happiness and comfort. The girl was so eager to have a goat that she agreed to go to the peasants hut with a barrel of foodstuffs. Sindhu and his mother were very happy to welcome this beautiful daughter of their landlord in their humble cottage, and the girl was delighted to own a dancing goat. A few days later another summons came from the landowner, and Sindhu went with his flute a nd the two remaining goats. The girl came out and said : You see, dear lad, I have not been able to make my goat dance at all. I have had expert musicians from the Temple to play for him, but he wont dance. Our village soothsayer says the goat will never dance without a companion. Will you let me have another goat? Sindhu was delighted both for the sake of his mother and for himself; also he was enchanted by the beauty of the girl. The Three Dancing Goats * Of course, you can have another of my pets, but this time I would ask for that gold ring you wear, as well as a barrel of foodstuffs/ replied Sindhu very politely. The girl was pleased, and without hesitation took off her favourite ring and gave it to Sindhu. By the time he returned home a barrel of foodstuffs had reached his mother. But, again, after a few days, one of the girls maids brought a message from her, saying that her goats still refused to dance and no longer responded to the sound of music, so that she was very sad. Sindhu went to see her and took his third goat with him. She was on the doorstep of her house waiting for him. She said : What am I to do now? The village priest says that my goats will dance if you will give me the third goat; but I hate to ask you for it, as it is the only pet left to you/ My dear lady/ Sindhu said humbly, I would willingly part with my last goat if it would make you happy. But let me play my flute and see them dance once again/ So he played the flute and the three goats danced merrily to the tune. As soon as the music ceased, the girl exclaimed gleefully: * Now I know, my dear lad ! Now I see ! It 28 The Three Dancing Goats was the magic of the flute that made the goats dance ! Will you let me have the flute as well as the third goat? Sindhu looked at her for a moment and said : Yes, I will gladly give them to you, my charming lady; but now that you have discovered my secret, I would ask you to tell me the meaning of the three different coloured stones set in the old ring you gave me. When I know that secret I shall only ask for a barrel of foodstuffs in exchange for my last goat and my magic flute/ The girl was rather embarrassed, and hesitated for a little while. Can this peasant aspire to marry me? she wondered. Why is he curious to know the meaning of those three stones? Anyhow, I am not the girl to give up a thing once I have set my mind on it. I must have the goat and the flute/ So ran her thoughts. Yes/ she said in a whisper, I will tell you the meaning. There are three strange strands of hair hidden among my black silken tresses. One is pure white, the colour of a diamond; one is dark red, the colour of a ruby; and one is bright green, the colour of an emerald. So in my ring there are three stones of similar colours. But all this is secret, dear lad/ 29 The Three Dancing Goats I understand, beautiful lady/ said Sindhu. Here is my flute and there is my goat. I take my leave and hope you will now be happy with the three dancing goats/ Before he returned home a barrel of foodstuffs had reached his mother. But she was still very distressed. All this time they had lived on the foodstuffs Sindhu received in exchange or the goats, but what would happen to them when this supply of foodstuffs was finished? Sindhu had no such worry. He believed in the words of the old lady who had taken his cows in exchange for the goats. The three dancing goats would bring him luck. Meanwhile, Sindhu worked as a labourer on his landowners farm. He was happy because he could thus catch just a moments glimpse of the landowners dau ghter. Then one day it came to pass that the landowner announced his intention of finding a suitable bridegroom for his lovely daughter, and made it known that whoever could name three trands of hair hidden among her black silken tresses should have her for bride. It was a curious way of finding a bridegroom, wasnt it? Many young men from all parts of the 30 The Three Dancing Goats country came to try their luck, but not one of them could make the right guess. Sindhu had heard about this strange offer and wondered if he should take this opportunity of marrying the girl he loved so much. But would the landowner allow his daughter to be married to a peasant? Perhaps the girl herself would dislike being the wife of a poor farm labourer. These thoughts tormented and angered im. Poor Sindhu! But, one day as he was watching the dance of the three goats, his mind was made up. The thought of that old woman who had given him the goats awakened in him a strange hope of success. Presently he met a handsome but very gaily dressed young man on the village high road. Mlt; Whats the best way to go to the manorhouse? said he as he saw Sindhu passing by. Its a long way from here, far across the meadows. I will show you the way, sir, if you like/ Sindhu answered politely. As they were walking along, Sindhu muttered aloud to himself and sighed : Alas ! I am ust a poor peasant, otherwise I would certainly have won the hand of our landowners daughter. 3* The Three Dancing Goats M * What ! exclaimed the young man. What are you saying? Are you mad? No, sir, I am not mad. I happen to know the secret of those three strange strands of hair. But of what use is that to me? replied Sindhu. Tell me what they are, my good fellow, and I will reward you well, said the young man impatiently. Sindhu answered haltingly: You see, master, I cant tell you the secret unless I am brought into the presence of the girl. . . . How can I enter the house? The young man suggested that he woul d find a rich livery for Sindhu, who should enter the house as his servant. So they returned to the village, and the young man ordered a beautiful livery with a silk turban. And Sindhu looked very attractive in this gay attire. Once on the village high road, they found a conveyance, and within a short time arrived at the manor-house. The hall was crowded with a number of suitors, all trying to guess the riddle. The girl sat by her father on a raised platform. She was dressed simply; her beauty, grace and charm did not require the refinements of luxury.

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

Carbonemys Facts and Figures

Carbonemys Facts and Figures Name: Carbonemys (Greek for coal turtle); pronounced car-BON-eh-miss Habitat: Swamps of South America Historical Epoch: Paleocene (60 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 10 feet long and one ton Diet: Small animals Distinguishing Characteristics: Large size; capacious shell; powerful jaws About Carbonemys Its fitting that the name Carbonemys starts with car, because this Paleocene turtle was about the size of a small automobile (and, considering its massive bulk and cold-blooded metabolism, it probably didnt get very impressive gas mileage). Discovered in 2005, but only announced to the world in 2012, Carbonemys was far from the biggest prehistoric turtle that ever lived; two Cretaceous turtles that preceded it by millions of years, Archelon  and Protostega, were probably twice as heavy. Carbonemys wasnt even the biggest pleurodire (side-necked) turtle in history, outclassed by Stupendemys, which lived over 50 million years later. So why has Carbonemys been getting so much attention? Well, for one thing, Volkswagen Beetle-sized turtles arent discovered every day. For another, Carbonemys was equipped with an unusually powerful set of jaws, which leads paleontologists to speculate that this giant turtle feasted on comparably sized mammals and reptiles, possibly including crocodiles. And for a third, Carbonemys shared its South American habitat with the one-ton prehistoric snake Titanoboa, which may not have been above chowing down on the occasional turtle when circumstances demanded!

Saturday, November 23, 2019

How to Make Friends in College

How to Make Friends in College Lets be honest: making friends in college can be scary. If youre heading to college for the first time, chances are you only know a few people, if that. If youre at a school where you feel like you dont have any friends, it might seem like its too late to focus on making new ones. Fortunately, your time in college is like no other. It is forgiving and built for you to learn and explore, especially when it comes to making friends. Challenge Yourself Making friends in college is a challenge. Know that making friends at school is going to require a little effort on your part. While friendships can blossom naturally, it takes some energy to go out and meet your soon-to-be-friends for the first time. So challenge yourself to step outside of your comfort zone. Do some of the social activities during orientation week sound lame? Yup. But should you go to them anyway? Most definitely. After all, do you want to experience a little awkwardness (the event) for long-term benefits (meeting people), or do you want to experience a little comfort (staying in your room) in exchange for long-term disadvantages (meeting people who might turn into friends)? A little effort now can pay off quite a bit later when it comes to making friends in college. So challenge yourself to try something new, even if it sounds unusual for you or a bit scary at first. Know That Everyone in College is New If youre a first-year student, nearly everyone in your class is brand new. Which means that everyone is trying to meet people and make friends. Consequently, theres no reason to feel awkward or shy about chatting up strangers, joining a group in the quad, or outreaching to as many people as possible. It helps everyone! Additionally, even if youre in your third year in college, there are still new experiences for you. That statistics class you have to take for grad  school? Everyone in it is new to you, and vice versa. The people in your residence hall, apartment building, and the club are all-new, too. So reach out and talk to folks whenever you find yourself in a new situation; you never know where your new best friend is hiding. Know That Its Never Too Late to Start Over in College   One of the best things about college is that its designed to help you grow. Just because you were focused on figuring out what you wanted to major in during your first two years doesnt mean that you cant, for example, join a fraternity or sorority your junior year. If you didnt realize your love of reading and writing poetry until you took that rockin course last semester, know that its not too late to join the poetry club. People come in and out of social spheres and cliques all the time in college; its part of what makes college great. Seize those kinds of opportunities to meet new people whenever and wherever you can. Keep Trying Alright, so this year you wanted to make more friends. You joined a club or two, looked at joining a sorority/fraternity, but its now two months later and nothings clicking. Dont give up! Just because the things you tried didnt work out doesnt mean the next thing you try wont work, either. If nothing else, you figured out what you dont like at your school or in certain groups of people. All that means is that you owe it to yourself to keep trying. Get Out of Your Room If you feel like you dont have any friends, it can be tempting to just go to class, maybe go to work, and then head home. But being alone in your room is the worst possible way to make friends. You have 0% chance of interacting with new people. Challenge yourself a little bit to be around other people. Do your work in the campus coffee shop, library, or even out on the quad. Hang out in the student center. Write your paper in the computer lab instead of your room. Ask some students in your classes if they want to make a study group together. You dont have to be best friends right away, but you will end up helping each other with your homework while also getting some time to get to know each other. There are tons of ways to put yourself in situations where meeting people and making friends can happen organically- but being in your room all the time isnt one of them. Get Involved in Something You Care About Instead of making friends being your motivating factor, let your heart lead the way. Find a campus organization or club, or even one in your neighboring community, and see how you can get involved. Chances are, along with the good work youll be doing, youll find some people with similar values as you. And chances are at least one or two of those connections will turn into a friendship. Be Patient With Yourself Think back to when you were in high school and the friendships youve maintained from there. Your friendships probably changed and morphed from your first day of high school to your last. College is no different. Friendships come and go, people grow and change, and everyone adjusts along the way. If its taking you a little time to make friends in college, be patient with yourself. It doesnt mean you cant make friends; it just means you havent yet. The only way you will end up definitely not making friends in college is to stop trying. So as frustrating  as it may feel and as discouraged as you may be, be patient with yourself and keep trying. Your new friends are out there!

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Civil Committment of Sexual Offenders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Civil Committment of Sexual Offenders - Essay Example Minnesota allows for civil commitment of sex offenders who have completed their jail terms, a provision that has been made in the Minnesota Commitment Act. The act reasons that civil commitment of sex offenders is a necessary measure to prevent dangerous sexual offences from occurring in the future (Barnickol, 2001). In California, civil commitment fro sex offenders is allowed under the Sexually Violent Predator Law. The provisions of the commitment law for sex offenders in California are the same as in Kansas and Minnesota. Other States that have adopted civil commitment laws for sex offenders who are deemed dangerous include: Washington, Missouri, Florida, Wisconsin, Massachusetts and Iowa (McCaffrey, 1994). One of the similarities that stand out in many of the sex offenders’ civil commitment laws in different states is the requirement that a criminal is likely to pose sexual offense danger to other people after he is released at the end of his jail term. The laws seek to ha ve violent sex predators who have some form of mental abnormality to be committed to involuntarily and indefinitely to appropriate facilities for treatment. The laws also require that such offenders must have completed their jail sentences. Although all the civil commitment laws in states that have adopted are largely similar, there are a few differences that exist. For instance, in the Texas legislation of civil commitment, a criminal is liable to commitment if he is found to have behavioral abnormality. This is different from the mental abnormality mentioned in other similar legislations (Prentky, Janus, and Barbaree, 2006). Different states have also taken different approaches in the management of civilly committed sexual offender populations. Florida for example, requires the offenders to be committed to be assessed by a qualified team so as to determine if they are sexually violent predators. The evaluation process is a civil proceeding after which those offenders found to meet the criteria are kept under watch at the Florida Civil Commitment Center together with other detainees who are still awaiting similar civil trials (McCaffrey, 1994). In Washington, evaluation of an offender’s state of mind is done by a Joint Forensic Unit whose members are forensic experts who deal specifically with risk evaluations related to sex offence. If the offender is fond to meet all the legal requirements for civil commitment, the King County Prosecutor’s Office or the Attorney General’s office then files a petition and a hearing is scheduled within 72 hours. If the superior court finds the offender to be a suitable candidate for a civil commitment trial, he is taken to the DSHS Special Commitment Center located on McNeil Island. During the trial, the jury or judge must determine without doubt that the offender is a sexually violent predator before he is transferred to a Secure Community Transition Facility (LaFond and Winick, 2003). Similar civil or c ourt hearings are scheduled for each offender who is regarded to have mental abnormality which makes him a danger to others in all the states where civil commitment for sexual predators has been legalized. After they are committed in specialized facilities, the sexual predators receive special treatment for a specified period to make them better members of society after which they are released to carry on with normal life. Costs vs. Benefits of Civil Commitment One of the benefits of civil

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

PC Reflective Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

PC Reflective - Assignment Example He revealed that his family and close associates have been shocked initially but later they reconciled themselves with the situation. Laurie Strike actually desires euthanasia which means â€Å"the intentional killing by act or omission of a dependent human being for his or her alleged benefit† There are many form of euthanasia like: The American Medical Association opposes the concept of euthanasia and held the view that a physician assisted death is harmful not only for the ethics of medical profession but for the patient also. The association negates the idea of abandoning the incurable patients instead more love and affection should be shown to these patients to lessen their miseries. Like AMA, many medical practitioners in Australia have the view that medicines are meant to cure the diseases of patients and the concept of euthanasia is quite opposite to it. In euthanasia, medicines are used to snatch the life of a living being. Pope Benedict XVI declares it a grave sin. Besides, he also declares abortion as a kind of euthanasia, when a mother chose abortion to avoid abdominal pains. He stated, â€Å"The deliberate decision to deprive an innocent human being of his life is always morally evil and can never be licit†. He asked the family members of patients who were suffering with the incurable diseases to come forward and help the patients with love and care; in this way the family system would also be strengthened. The National Catholic Bioethics Center declares life as a beautiful gift of God and said, â€Å"God did not make death, nor does He rejoice in the destruction of the living† (Wisdom 1:13). They are saying that human life is precious and any effort to temper with it will be immoral and grave sin. Roman Church also has the same views on euthanasia and terms this concept as morally wrong. According to BBC, â€Å"The Roman Church does not accept that human beings have the right to die. Human

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Bp’s Ethical Culture Essay Example for Free

Bp’s Ethical Culture Essay We will go through the BP business context and culture, safety aspect, organization capability, responsiveness and risk assessment aspects of their ethical culture, result from the management and caused the disaster. BP Business Context and ethical culture: From the BP management employer aspects, they are not follow some mechanical level, safety procedure over and ignored which required by Act (e.g. Clean Air Act) over 8 year for their production. At the end the huge explosion occurred in March 2005. Because of the hydrocarbon liquid leakage and vapor, the ignition explosion result of the accident. They failed to give the safeguards protection tools to protect employees, this accident killing employees and injured people in Texas oil refinery. And the other issue of the Alaskan oil pipelines leaked; their culture also reflect the safety negligence in their operation and management. Not check the pipelines by routine maintenance. BP management did not doing any corrective action on the contract worker discovered the first pipeline leak in March of 2006, (e.g. whole stop the pipelines operation for checking details), still waiting the leakage happen on August 2006. And in October 2007 another spill in Prudhoe Bay, once again showing that BP was ignored the maintenance equipment and the safety level of the production. In 2010, violations again at BP facilities (at Ohio factory), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) found that workers might be exposed to injury or death should explosive or flammable chemicals be released at an Ohio factory. The BP working environment have the characteristic that is resistance to change, lack of trust and motivation; unclear expectations about supervisory and management behaviors, led to rules not being followed consistently and no initiating improvements. Management did not set or consistently reinforce process safety, operations performance and systematic to reduce the risk. e.g. neglected the safety protection tools. (Reference 01) Organizational Capability: poor management and communication in the complex organization, high turnover of refinery plant managers which will affect their consistency of responsibilities. Inability to see the risk, poor level of hazard awareness and process safety knowledge, e.g. the temporary worker doing wrong on the hydrocarbons to atmosphere with unclear control in the high risk and safety industry practice. Lack of early warning system in the refinery plant; e.g. poor communication, poor performance-management process and deteriorating the work standards. Means that BP allows the defective process in their production refinery and pipelines channel. Even though the project was carried out before the extensive research to identify any potential environment risks of the pipelines stretched to their network From the BP investor aspects, even a huge amount of fines, criminal penalties were paid again. They just only concern the profit rather then the employees, environment, base on their short term focus with high level oversight on prevention or improvement and safety management. Even the production was shut down a month for repairing; they just focus on resume the production which means profit as a priority. From the interest group, e.g. National Fish and Wildlife, the state law and act. BP was neglected their monitoring role, just paid the fund or fines to be a remedy, but still running at their loosen management culture. From the BP employees aspects, insider trading and fraud document (mail fraud and wire fraud), and reward from the manipulate the propane market at a high prices Integrity of the BP management, also lack of monitor and alert of the internal control. As the National oil company, the management let company making loss on violate Act, not setting a well control system for employees for prevention. These parts clearly showing the history of disregarding the well-being of stakeholders not follow the law and high level operation and maintenance level of BP. Different refinery plane have their own safety management system, and they did not share their best practice with others. So doing the same work but running at different safety system level. And as the employees of BP, from the result of the explosion, oil leakage and fraud issue all of them are affecting their society and economic damage. They know and maintain these BP culture but they do not concern until the accident or issue occurred. From these aspects of the BP ethical culture, and still no solid continues improvement, then it was caused the Gulf Coast oil spill disaster. At the beginning, BP tried to shift their responsiveness to the contractor Transocean, Ltd., loosen and negligence management style (know but not concern style), lying on the accident real situation to public. And delay the recovery work which subject to their management decision and style.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Relationship Between Gods And Humanity :: essays research papers

The relationship between the gods and humanity in The Epic of Gilgamesh and The Odyssey are the same. In each saga, the gods seem to live nearby and are always present. Both epic poems portray humans as simply at the mercy of the gods. The gods feel that it is their duty to intervene if they feel that man is traveling off course from his destiny. However, the gods are not all powerful. Each god has a certain domain and cannot control another gods’ domain. All the gods including Zeus, the father of the gods, want Odysseus to be able to return home in The Odyssey. However, Poseiden, just one god, prevents Odysseus from returning. It is only when Poseiden is absent from Mt. Olympus that the other gods are able to take control and assist Odysseus in returning home. Gilgamesh also has the same misconception that the gods are all powerful. After he and Enkidu kill the Bull of Heaven, the gods Anu, Enlil, Ea and Shamash convene and decide that one of the brothers must die for their evil deed. Shamash, Gilgamesh’s protector, pleads with the other gods to spare his life. The other gods disregard Shamash’s appeal and Enkidu dies. In each instance, one god is not able to impose his agenda against the wishes of the other gods. Enkidu’s death evokes a disturbing thought in Gilgamesh. He finally realizes that he is mortal. He then goes about trying to find the key to immortality. Gilgamesh first seeks out Utnapishtim, the only human to gain immortality. When Gilgamesh cannot pass the test of staying awake for seven days, Utnapishtim then gives him the plant "Old Men Are Young Again." Despite this second opportunity, Gilgamesh is not triumphant in his search for immortality because a serpent eats the plant and Gilgamesh’s opportunity is lost forever. He does not realize that Enlil, the father of the gods, had already determined his destiny. It is clear from the events of the story that Gilgamesh was not to obtain everlasting life and it is no coincidence that all of his efforts fail in one way or another. This is another example of man’s lack of control where the gods are concerned The Odyssey demonstrates how the gods favored certain men over others. When man had the gods "on his side," he was sure to complete whatever task was at hand.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

The theory of employee relations Essay

Employment relations Introduction            Conventionally, employees are deemed to strike for various reasons. From scholarly works, a strike is defined as suspension in production as the workers and their employers engage in the possible way of dividing the surplus that has been achieved within their relationship. (Metcalf and David, 1993) From modern perspective, strikes involves at least one of the arguing parties having some private information that they do not want the other party to get hold of about this suspected surplus. In empirical perception, strikes are generally considered to be rare. From the findings of economists; they have concluded that strike cases are usually rampant during the business cycle peak, and strikes duration is considered to be limited when the economy is strong. Strike activities are evidently influenced by legislative environment, particularly that legislation that restricts use of replacement of workers (Blyton and Turnbull, 2004).            An employee’s labor value is greater compared to the wage provided by the employer, that is after considering the relationship of employment. This in return provides an opportunity for rise of surplus that is to be divided among the employee and the employer. Thus, a strike is considered as the act of suspending production as the two sides gets into an argument on how to divide this surplus amicably. The guardian, â€Å"yes striking is a human right,† this command is given by the international treaties voluntarily accepted by British successive governments; this same treaties are being bound by the United Kingdom (The Guardian, 2011).            According to the guardian, British government has been directed by the international community on human rights to relax the already existing restrictions and cease treating lawful strikes as a breach rather than suspension of employment contract to the employees. If the British law intersect with the international obligations, then it would not be easy for the bully employers to unilaterally suspensions of the striking employees (The Guardian, 2011).            Mills and Quinn (1982) In an ideal competitive situation, employment surplus is not real: individual employers compete with other employers, who are concerned with biding salary and wages to the point when it matches employee laborer value, also the individual workers will too compete with other fellow workers who tend to bid their remunerations until they meet the one that has been scheduled by the respective employers. From this assumption an employee who tends to strike they are immediately replaced by other equivalent works who meet the demands of the potential employer (Brenner, Aaron, Benjamin and Ness, 2009).            The worker who is willing to take this bid takes the day. This situation also happens to the employers, also employers who try to reduce the worker’s salary and wage; they will receive a set back as the potential workers will move to the employer who is ready and willing to provide that remuneration that the worker is willing to work for. Through this, the workers are thus able to replace their former employers with other favorable employers giving out competitive prices (Zeidler and Frank, 1968).            Lambert and Bartlett (2005) Evidently, it is true that strikes will happen if and only if there is an extra income from production that both the employer and the worker see that it is worth fighting for, hence strike will never occur in a noncompetitive market of labor. Despite the strikes being human rights, they also need to be viewed with a credible mind. Through a sound mind one is able to make a viable decision that will solve the whole mess amicably. This will need personnel who will explain the likelihood of a strike occurring and then recommending means of settlement, thus there could not be any wastes brought about by strikes (Hicks paradox of 1932). Critically building on Hicks paradox, we are enabled to suggest that the two parties are fighting for some crucial information that each want to keep especially the employer. Apparently the associated wastage realized through strikes is considered a cost of trying to obtain this information especially on the p art of the employee as they initially lack this important information that they know will relieve them the bondage of underpayment (Rosenbloom and Joshua, 1996).            To have a clear understanding of these analogies it is important to get a glimpse of what the workers strike theories hold for better explanation. There are various theories that will help to give a reason as to why really workers in the essential services need to go on strike for their grievance to be hard, by either group understanding or through their respective Unions. Unions go on strike when they are sure that the employer is to meet their demands without undergoing any financial crisis. These theories are crucial as they are the ones that give these unions a bargaining ground as illustrated below (Barrett and Boyd, 1914). Institutionalization theory            This particular theory is attributed two gentlemen Hartman and Ross according to Bean perspective (Bean, 1994) the theory asserts institutional mechanisms of negotiating, such as common bargaining protocols helps to reduce the supposed conflicts that are bound to occur due to the strike. Olafsson (1982), perspective about the theory, suggest that for highly developed industrial systems relations are commonly associated with reduced conflict levels.            Some countries that believe in this theory have been associated with reduced strike conflict level these countries include: Norway, Sweden, and Denmark are some of the singled out as the unique examples the countries that have developed industrial peace model, associated by centralized movement of labor, they also have comprehensive means of negotiations, and lastly they have the legal regulations that are effective in controlling strike activities and disputes procedures.            Hale (2008) from the study of conducted by Harmatan and Ross determined the factors that influenced strike activities in countries of study. The study found that the countries that have stable labor unified movements that are recognized and willingly accepted and with intensively developed common bargaining protocols are the ones that experience industrial peace. Hartman and Ross concluded centralized bargaining systems minimize levels of industrial conflicts in the field of essential services delivery. This is due to the claim of the two that employers and workers organization are at a point to put real behavioral limits within their respective members. Implicit or Relational contract theory            Implicit or relational theory, asserts that there exist a contract between worker’s and employer Unions, the theory is based in an infinitely recurring practice with imperfect monitoring. Kelly (2002) has it that, conflict is unavoidable results of informational asymmetries. The various resolutions of conflicts, strikes slow down, dismissal, low morel, and resignations are not essentials by themselves ingredients of this theory. For instance the strikes will seem to have a zero impact generally under particular configurations, as the conflict is present, but assumes another form.            Blyton and Turnbull (2004) indicates that the high efforts and the high pay initiatives agreements between unions and the respective employer is possible to be supported â€Å"Public Perfect Nash† equilibrium of a recurring event. If these particular players are deemed to be patient enough, just at the cost with random reversions for inefficient series of actions, through which strikes and inflexible wages, or outsourcing and slowdown is bound to take place. This theory suggest that at equilibrium, the respective unions goes on strike simply when the provided wage has been considered to be too low and the exact state nature reality, considered information by the employer to be private and has never been revealed to the workers’ union. Hence, this behavior is turned to be rational in a recurring interaction framework; this eventually causes necessary cooperation in the good times. Principal Agency theory            Johnson and Ashenfelter model suggests that strikes happens only when the salary expectations of the file and the rank do not meet at a common ground with what the prospective employer is ready to pay their staff. In case the union directors present a low salary contract for reviewing. In the situations when the file and the rank’s wage expectation are high, then the rank and the file are regarded with an attempt to selling out to that responsible management. When the above mention statement happens, instead of risk dissension the workers union leaders would prefer to strike internally (Blyton and Paul, 2004).            The major aim of an internal strike is to convince the employees belonging to the union that the wage they are expecting is not possible. According to Hale (2008) â€Å"the basic function of a strike is to square up the membership’s wage expectations with what the firm is willing and ready to pay the workers† the implication the theory is that the union’s salary demand should come down during a strike time. From another perspective this theory receives some critics on the ground that the wage needs are merely based on factor of conjecture, instead of being derived from the bargaining process (Metcalf and David, 1993). The theory of private information            As it has been outlined from the above discussion, the employer usually holds some crucial information that normally interests the worker about their working conditions, especially the payment part. This theory thus states that strikes are illustrated well by this private information in regard to the critical aspect important in reaching an agreement, for instance the firm’s willingness for payment (Metcalf and David, 1993).            Why do the workers have to strike? According to the theory of private information, workers only go on strike because this is the only credible means through which they are able to communicate the so called private information. The theory also claims that a company with great willingness to compensate their workers does it with high salary without the employees going to a strike. However, this is also true that the company with low interest of settling the worker, they end up paying the workers low wages because they are ready receive the strike and its impacts. The theory is crucial in the application in strikes when is considered to be bilateral monopoly setting, through this the employees’ union and the firm bargain with information that is asymmetrical, or when the informational conflict is between leaders union, file, and the rank. Form this theoretical information is worth noting that private information is never verified at low cost among other theorie s.            Employees do not strike only for economic reasons; they can also strike in demand of working conditions improvement, or with aim of mutual aid, and protection of the workers in another union. This statement elaborate a factor called job satisfaction within the employees which can be defined as that emotional condition that come as a result of appraisal of an employee’s job. The statement suggest workers develops negative of positive attitudes towards their work or specific sections of the job mainly through, an internal state of mind of respective individuals, generally it is that consideration of our belief, behaviors, and our feelings. When job satisfaction is positive, this can result from favorable working terms workers are considered to be active. Workers activeness is determined from the output of production, motivated workers produces quality services because they are able to utilize fully their potentials. Unmotivated workers results in under product ion as they are not willing to utilize their potentials for the benefit of the employer. The outcomes of strikes in the essential services sector            Despite of strike being a human right through which they can air their grievance, strikes are associated with adverse effects that come aftermath the strike has taken place. The results can either be positive, that is the demands of the workers are met and sometimes the results will be negative not favoring the claims of the striking workers. So the striking workers are always prepared for any of these twoutcomes in their efforts to manages and influence the consideration of their needs being addressed with human touch from their employers through the union or at times through the individual employees alone.            Considering the 1919 the General Winning strike according to the Canadianonline.com, it resulted to adverse effects. Among them, the metal workers were compelled to go back to work without a dime increase in their pay that they were demanding, this sounds like they just wasted their time. The employees had to be sent to jail, the foreign workers were deported, and hundreds of others had to be demoted. Seven ring leaders of the strike received a two years conviction for conspiracy of trying to overthrow the government. Apart from these negative results still something good came out of it. Eleven of the labor candidates who won the seats out of these four of them were the strike leaders.            The General Winning Strike made strike in Canada to receive a collective ground for bargaining after almost 20 years. This suggests that within these 20 years the working condition in Canada was compared to hell since both the unions and the workers had no power to bargain for their wage increase even when there was a surplus with the scope of production. Though this the economy of Winnipeg greatly went down for a long time. This also resulted in a social stratification that is the north was classified as the working class and the south as the Troy state            Another area of essential service sector let us consider the teaching sector. Brison, David and Smith (2006) form the reports that evaluated the impacts of the Ontario teachers’ strike of 1975 to early 1976. Studies were in the respective schools lagged behind because they started just after the end of the strike and also there was lack of cooperation from the teachers. Though the study conducted found no effect that was no effect on the change of student grades. The other study in the same subject also came out with different suggestions, concerning student’s attitudes towards their teachers. Surprisingly the strike did not affect the attitude towards their respective teachers.            From the third study that was concerned with the school attendance resulted into a null hypothesis. The rate of learner’s dropout was evident from the results that were obtained especially from grade 9 to grade 13. The study concluded that a strike has an impact on student dropout and also on movement to postsecondary education. Ahmed and Syed (1989) Cumulative the strikes are regarded to have negative outcomes on the academic performance of the students especially in the senior grades, particularly in learning such subjects like science and mathematics where learning involves summation of knowledge. Even though the strikes did not have any focus on teachers’ effects from external sources it is realized that after the strike event the teachers became less idealistic in regarding teaching profession as a calling but rather a job just like any other (Matheson and Victor,2006). Recommendations and conclusion            From the above reviews, there is a revelation that there is a strong relationship between strikes actions and job satisfaction. In the countries that have high job satisfaction, strike incidences are limited or never exist and the reverse is true for other countries. The studies show that low industrial conflict levels are associated with greatly developed industrial relation systems. Among the recognized countries experiencing the benefit of industrial peace are Finland, Sweden, and Norway since that have unified and stable labor movements, in addition to these they also have a collective platform of bargaining that are accepted by the employers.            This hence recommends that each country must try to have greatly developed systems in the industrial relations, also should have a well designed collective bargaining policies which has to be recognized and then accepted by the works across the labor sector and also the government and the employers must accept these terms. There is a need then for the country to have constant to review conditions of the worker to match the current economic situation with this review the workers and the employers will not engage in a fight for the surplus production.            The authorities also have a moral responsibility of ensuring that there are annual forums that joins the employer and the workers with their respective ministries to discuss the current issues affecting the various parties with the hope of addressing this issues at the preliminary before cropping up to create unwanted strikes. Timely strikes aversions are crucial, since it helps to reduce the possible social, political, and economic results of the strike. This calls upon the government responsible ministries to be aware of the challenges that the workers can face.            Unions should act strongly to fight the policy of temporal workers replacement. Replacing workers reduce the strength of having a common bargaining for their demands. Once the employer has replaced the striking employee, production process goes on as usual hence thinking about the servicing worker who is on strike will be a thing that has been put aside for a while. References Blyton, Paull, and Peter Turnbull. The dynamics of employee relations. 3rd ed. Houndmills, Basingstoke,Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. Print. Blyton, Paul. The theory of employee relations. na: na, 2004. Print. Brenner, Aaron, Benjamin Day, and Immanuel Ness. The encyclopedia of strikes in American history. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, 2009. Print. â€Å"Guardians veto bank bill–but not over president.(Economy: Money and its impact).† Iran Times International 7 Jan. 2011, ed, sec. Print. Hale, Dominic. â€Å"International comparisons of labour disputes in 2006.† Economic & Labour Market Review 2.4 (2008): 32-39. Print. Kelly, John E.. Rethinking industrial relations mobilization, collectivism and long waves. Taylor & Francis e-Library ed. London: Routledge, 2002. Print. Metcalf, David, and Jonathan Wadsworth. Do strikes pay? 1992. Print. Metcalf, David H.. New perspectives on industrial disputes. London: Routledge, 1993. Print. Mills, Daniel Quinn. Labor-management relations. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1982. Print. Zeidler, Frank P.. Rethinking the philosophy of employee relations in the public service. Chicago: Public Personnel Association, 1968. Print. Ahmed, Syed M.. â€Å"The effects of the joint cost of strikes on strikes in Canadian manufacturing industries à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" a test of the Rederà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å";Neumannà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å";Kennan theory.† Applied Economics 21.10 (1989): 1353-1367. Print. Barrett, E. Boyd. Effects of strikes. Dublin: Office of the â€Å"Irish Messenger†, 1914. Print. Brison, David W., and Anthony H. Smith. The effects of Ontario teachers’ strikes on students: summary and integration of three component studies. Toronto: Ontario Ministry of Education, 1978. Print. Matheson, Victor A.. â€Å"The Effects Of Labour Strikes On Consumer Demand In Professional Sports: Revisited.† Applied Economics 38.10 (2006): 1173-1179. Print. â€Å"Winnipeg General Strike 1919.† About.com Canada Online. Web. 7 Mar. 2014. . Collections of the United Farm Workers of America. Woodbridge, CT: Primary Source Media, 2009. Print. Hain, Peter. Political strikes: the state and trade unionism in Britain. Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England: Viking, 1986. Print. Lambert, Josiah Bartlett. â€Å"If the workers took a notion†: the right to strike and American political development. Ithaca, N.Y.: ILR Press, 2005. Print. Report of proceedings at the fourth ordinary Congress of the International Federation of Trade Unions: Held at the â€Å"Grand Palais†, Paris, from August 1st to 6th 1927 ; together with reports of the Conferences of the International Trade Secretariats, and t. Amsterdam: International Federation of Trade Unions, 1927. Print. Rosenbloom, Joshua L.. Strikebreaking and the Labor Market in the United States, 1881-1874. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1996. Print. Source document

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Evaluation of ‘Les Noces’

As part of our dance work we were showed a DVD of ‘Les Noces'. We learnt that it was devised at the beginning of the twentieth century, around the year 1923, by a Russian choreographer named Bronislava Nijinoka. Les noces is famous for being one of the first contemporary ballets performed on the stage. It is known as a neo- classical ballet and is based on narrative allusions. It has a strong rhythmical emphasis and includes the use of point work. Les noces is a very strong, emotional dance and creates a large impact. It is very compulsive and after watching the first scene you cannot help but to watch on. It has a large narrative content which gives it a desirable back bone. Les noces consists of four scenes which portray a Russian wedding. The scenes are: the consecration of the bride, the consecration of the bride groom, The departure of the bride and The wedding feast. The choreographic techniques in Les noces are well thought out for the feeling and mood of the dance. The choreographer has used male and female dancers in a neo-classical dance that tells a story effectively. The choreographer has used symmetrical and linear shapes and lines as well as levels, this makes the dance more aesthetically pleasing and adds indefinitely to the depth and feeling contained within it. From the position and height of dancers contained within the dance we can get a feeling of what is happening and who is more important etc. We can also learn a lot from how the dancers travel. Les noces includes a very artistic style of jumps and travelling movements. In all the scenes contained within the dance there are different numbers of male and female dancers. To help create mood in the dance the choreographer has used a very percussive form of point work. He had used the method of dancing in point shoes into something that creates a meaningful sound. To help base the dance into a society and culture the choreographer has included a large amount of Russian folk dancing. The use of ballet in Les Noces is more isolated and stiffer than conventional ballet of the early twentieth century. It is more earthy and grounded and less floaty. The design in Les noces is relatively simple. The designer Natalia Gontcharova has used basic costumes and there is only one set. In the first scene the dancers just enter onto a plain stage. There is no backdrop etc, the dancers wear simple costumes, such as brown dresses and white shirts with all the women wearing head coverings. This is probably because we are meant to view these dancers as being peasants. The head coverings are also a religious symbol. The dancers aren't wearing masks or any obvious make up. The only main prop used in the dance is a wig consisting of long plaits used in the scene ‘ Departure of the bride'. This is used to demonstrate the passage from childhood to womanhood as the plaits are consequentially cut off. The one and only set is used in the last scene ‘The wedding feast', It basically consists of a wall with a door in it and a few stools. This set is used as it gives a way of showing the togetherness and connection of the bride and bridegroo m as they leave through the door together. This also presents a way of ending the dance. There is no spoken words or phrases in Les noces. All the sound included in it is formed by the orchestra or the afore mentioned use of percussive point work. The musicians are based off stage. The orchestra provides live music and so therefore it isn't recorded. The volume of the music in Les Noces often indicates mood or feeling. For example, in the last scene ‘The wedding feast', the sound becomes significantly louder and seems more joyous. Les Noces is performed on a proscenium arch stage. This is probably because the choreography in the dance wouldn't lend itself to being performed in the round or anywhere site specific. In this dance there is good communication with the audience. The names of the scenes and there contents all tell a story. This is helped by the mood created by the music and the facial expressions of the dancers. Because Les Noces is based on a realistic event many people may feel that they can relate to it. It may also create some interest and intrigue as it portrays a Russian marriage. In the early part of the twentieth century there wasn't the same cultural understanding between nations that there is know. Many people would know nothing of Russian culture. I definitely felt on a personal level that I could understand what the dance was trying to communicate to me. The feelings of change, love and moving into the unknown. The dance was definitely very compelling.I thought that the way that some of the characters swore oaths was very mysterious. I also liked the way that Les Noces included everyday things and movements such as cuddling. I think that Les noces is a very interesting dance and I can see how it could have been a very radical piece of choreography for it's day. It is a good example in how dance has changed throughout the ages. I am sure that Les noces is an important piece of dance history. I thoroughly enjoyed watching it being performed.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Hardships of Southern Sharecropping essays

Hardships of Southern Sharecropping essays For many people in the 1930s living conditions were not as adequate as they needed to be. The stock market had just crashed in 1928, and the US was in the midst of the Great Depression. Many people suffered from lack of money, and many others suffered from lack of food. One group of people who suffered greatly during this time period were the southern share croppers. Factors that caused the substandard living conditions of the southern share croppers in the 1930s include lack of education, poor health care, and inadequate living facilities. The first factor that caused the substandard living conditions of the southern share croppers was their lack of education. There were several reasons the share croppers didnt get the education they needed. One main reason was because many children didnt go to school. Harold Walker writes that Southern cotton states ranked lower in rate of attendance for each student enrolled than any of the other states in the nation (4). A factor that contributed to this was their excessive mobility, which inhibited many children from going to school (Corder 27). It is common knowledge that any child who constantly moves around will not be able to attend school on a regular basis, and even if they go to a school when they get a chance they will be so far behind they would have a difficult time catching up. Another factor that impeded on a childs attendance at school was the fact that they never went to school when there was cotton to be picked (Walker 8). This may not seem like a large task, but some times it could take weeks to pick all the cotton. These few weeks that a child spent picking cotton was valuable learning time, and missing it could put a child too far behind to catch up. Another reason share croppers didnt get the education they needed was because many southern rural schools had short...

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Chlorine From Periodic Table of the Elements

Chlorine From Periodic Table of the Elements Atomic Number: 17 Symbol: Cl Atomic Weight: 35.4527 Discovery: Carl Wilhelm Scheele 1774 (Sweden) Electron Configuration: [Ne] 3s2 3p5 Word Origin: Greek: khloros: greenish-yellow Properties: Chlorine has a melting point of -100.98Â °C, boiling point of -34.6Â °C, density of 3.214 g/l, specific gravity of 1.56 (-33.6Â °C), with a valence of 1, 3, 5, or 7. Chlorine is a member of the halogen group of elements and directly combines with almost all of the other elements. Chlorine gas is a greenish yellow. Chlorine figures prominently in many organic chemistry reactions, particularly in substitutions with hydrogen. The gas acts as an irritant for respiratory and other mucous membranes. The liquid form will burn the skin. Humans can smell as low an amount as 3.5 ppm. A few breaths at a concentration of 1000 ppm is usually fatal. Uses: Chlorine is used in many everyday products. It is used for disinfecting drinking water. Chlorine is used in the production of textiles, paper products, dyes, petroleum products, medicines, insecticides, disinfectants, foods, solvents, plastics, paints, and many other products. The element is used to manufacture chlorates, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, and in the extraction of bromine. Chlorine has been used as a chemical warfare agent. Sources: In nature, chlorine is only found in the combined state, most commonly with sodium as NaCl and in carnallite (KMgCl36H2O) and sylvite (KCl). The element is obtained from chlorides by electrolysis or via the action of oxidizing agents. Element Classification: Halogen Chlorine Physical Data Density (g/cc): 1.56 ( -33.6 Â °C) Melting Point (K): 172.2 Boiling Point (K): 238.6 Appearance: greenish-yellow, irritating gas. At high pressure or low temperature: red to clear. Isotopes: 16 known isotopes with atomic masses ranging from 31 to 46 amu. Cl-35 and Cl-37 are both stable isotopes with Cl-35 as the most abundant form (75.8%).Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 18.7 Covalent Radius (pm): 99 Ionic Radius: 27 (7e) 181 (-1e) Specific Heat (20Â °C J/g mol): 0.477 (Cl-Cl) Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 6.41 (Cl-Cl) Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 20.41 (Cl-Cl) Pauling Negativity Number: 3.16 First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 1254.9 Oxidation States: 7, 5, 3, 1, -1 Lattice Structure: Orthorhombic Lattice Constant (Ã…): 6.240 CAS Registry Number: 7782-50-5 Interesting Trivia: Chlorine leaks in containers are detected using ammonia. Ammonia will react with the chlorine and form a white mist above the leak.The most common natural chlorine compound on Earth is sodium chloride or table salt.Chlorine is the 21st most abundant element in the Earths crustChlorine is the third most abundant element in the Earths oceansChlorine gas was used as a chemical weapon during World War I. Chlorine is heavier than air and would form a deadly layer in low-lying foxholes and trenches. References: Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001), Crescent Chemical Company (2001), Langes Handbook of Chemistry (1952), CRC Handbook of Chemistry Physics (18th Ed.)

Sunday, November 3, 2019

In the character of Gatsby, Fitzgerald holds the idea of the American Essay

In the character of Gatsby, Fitzgerald holds the idea of the American Dream up to ridicule. With reference to appropriately sele - Essay Example But when Gatsby returned from the war to New York with riches and a newfound power, he was able to grab hold of the American dream. This dream that became a reality, however, seemed to sell Gatsby short, as he tragically found that his newly acquired wealth and social status - as well as the girl of his dreams, Daisy Buchanan - could not purchase his happiness. In fact, this dream came at the price of his good character, and ultimately, his life. Fitzgerald uses Gatsby in this novel to represent what went wrong with America - a society in the Roaring Twenties that turned its back on morals and integrity to embrace wealth, prestige, parties, immorality and alcohol - ingredients not for happiness and fulfillment, but for loneliness and despair. Fitzgerald begins dismantling the heightened image of the American dream through the character and narrator, Nick Caraway, who often describes and characterizes Gatsby during his quest for Daisy, respect, and acceptance. Unlike most of the other characters in the novel, however, Nick sees through Gatsby’s supposed fulfillment and satisfaction, and does not envy the â€Å"great Gatsby,† who is praised and idolized by the indulgent materialistic crowds that gather at his mansion to party and drink. This lifestyle that society was told to buy into did not appeal to Nick, â€Å"Gatsby turned out all right in the end; it was what preyed on Gatsby, what foul dust floated in the wake of his dreams that temporarily closed out my interest in the aborted sorrows and short-winded elations of men,† (Fitzgerald 6). Instead of seeing Gatsby as a high-paying consumer, Nick sees Gatsby as the one who was being consumed by the price of having to pay dearly to reach his costly dreams, which will ultimately cost him his life. Nick saw through the false promises of happiness to be attained by pursuing and reaching the American dream, and he notes that any satisfaction or happiness gleaned as a result is shallow and short- lived. Early on, the reader witnesses that the ideals of glitz, glamour, prestige, promiscuity, and all the trappings of what became known as the high society in the Roaring Twenties is not what it is cut out to be. Even though Gatsby and the high-brow company he keeps are characterized as living the American dream, the author uses Nick to show the true depravity of those who jump on board to live for this flawed concept. Nick actually calls Gatsby out, telling him exactly what he thinks about those who believe that they have reached the top of the ladder in life, â€Å"They’re a rotten crowd . . . You’re worth the whole damn bunch put together,† (Fitzgerald 162). Through Nick, Fitzgerald shows that Gatsby and all the partying elite with which he surrounds himself are morally depraved - even though they hold themselves up as being above the rest of society (that has not achieved the American dream). Nick even sets himself apart from Gatsby and his wealthy revele rs, noting that virtuous behavior is far from what those chasing after the American dream possess, â€Å"Everyone suspects themselves of at least one of the cardinal virtues, and this is mine: I am one of the few honest people that I have ever known,† (Fitzgerald 64). This statement goes to show that moral behavior in the upper class society on Long

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Inclusion and Fairness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Inclusion and Fairness - Essay Example der to understand the issues that arise in education, we must first look at what we mean by "Autism Spectrum." This definition is applied to a series of disorders classified by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) as Communication Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (American Psychiatric Association, 1994, p. 65). Children with this disabilities have challenges with social development and communication. Many may not be able to interact with peers and have a variety of nonverbal behaviours (p. 66). According to the checklist for ASD, children have: According to the National Institute of Mental Health, the spectrum has different forms ranging from severe autism to Asperger Syndrome. The Autism Spectrum Disorders are usually detected between the ages of one and three, usually by parents. However, about 50% are not diagnosed until at least kindergarten. Most children with ASD have challenges in many areas. Socially they avoid eye contact and dont participate in the day to day human interaction with their parents or other siblings. They generally avoid physical contact. Many children with ASD dont talk in the first few years like other children. Some may start out making baby sounds but stop. Others may not develop language until much later in their development. Some can learn sign language or other ways of gesturing. Order and consistency of routine are very important. Some children may line up their toys in specific ways. If something is moved, the child becomes anxious (NIMH). Because of this, it is important with ASD children to have a strict routine--any deviation from this routine will be distressing for them. These are the many challenges that a child will have inside the classroom as well. According to Barnard, Prior and Potter (2000), inclusion means that all children must be able to have appropriate learning. They did several surveys to see whether this was happening for children in mainstream classrooms. In one of the

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Quality Parts Case Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Quality Parts Case Analysis - Essay Example The manager of Quality Parts Company is aiming to do precisely that by planning to appoint three inspectors to clean up the quality problem. She also contemplates adding a setting up a rework line to speed repairs. This is a disastrous idea that piles up the cost element of manufacturing. It also compromises on quality in the first place because when a new line for rework is added to the works the attention of the workers would be slanted more towards rework instead of a perfect first attempt manufacture. In forecasting demand, two methods can be applied- the push effect got as a result of demand forecast or the "pull" effect as Kanban exemplifies. The actual demand of the consumers is calibrated and production done accordingly. Kanban best suits a condition when the supply time is prolonged and the supposed demand is rather difficult to predict; the production then has to be done in response to the consumer's demand or 'pull'. Adoption of this methodology will cut down on the inventory costs because goods are procured as and when there is a pull by the consumer. The production facility becomes Just in time. The production process starts at the instance of a product being sent out of the factory. So, the process is upstream. Quality parts system makes basic errors in maintaining quality. ... The production process starts at the instance of a product being sent out of the factory. So, the process is upstream. Quality parts system makes basic errors in maintaining quality. As pointed earlier, the repair work or a separate rework line defeats the concept of quality management especially six sigma. In total quality management minimization of defects at the production stage is given more importance. The second most important thing is the manager's proposed idea of keeping "skids filled". This idea is in total contrast to the Just in time attainment of raw materials as professed in the kanban theory. (Chase-Jacobs-Aquilano, "Operations Management for Competitive Advantage, 2005, Operations_Management_Ch12.doc) Automatically ordering of inventory will not take into account the goods already manufactured, dispatched, in production and demand for future products. Getting and storing inventory will not only add to the cost of storage but defeats the logic of upstream production. High scrap rate: As evinced in the example, the scrap rate is nearly 10% that means 1 in 10 items produced are scrapped. This is an awesome waste considering the manpower and money involved. The high rise shelving inside the factory does not allow for grouping of similar tasks and interaction among teams of related work. The chain of uninterrupted production is disrupted and at times even broken. Grouping tasks: The bright thing to do incase of assembly line setup of manufacturing goods is to have people, procedures and equipments needed for similar tasks to be kept at proximity. It is a wonderful idea to do would be to place teams performing successive operation close to each other or near each other. This would reduce the physical

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Types And History Of Heat Detectors Engineering Essay

Types And History Of Heat Detectors Engineering Essay Fire is one of the biggest threats people are facing in our society these days. Many methods are being used to prevent such danger on the citizens, such as making sure that every house has a fire extinguisher incase of fire starting in a persons house. These methods are improving by time and are getting more advanced and safer for the protection of people. Many changes were made to a fire alarm, yet the most recent and favorite ones are the fire detectors with all its types. However, to avoid danger most latest buildings provide each flat with a fire detector that can detect any hazard that will be caused by fire caused unintentionally. Fire alarms consist of many different types mainly smoke alarm detectors and heat detectors. We chose to build our own heat detector that detects any change in the temperature of the room. This experiment will include mainly a heat sensor and a temperature detector, and a buzzer that turns on when the temperature changes. The report includes a search on different types of fire alarms and their use. Types of fire alarms à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ It is definitely hard to get robbed and lose your belongings, yet a thief will leave your home where you live with your family and are considered your shelter. Fire will leave nothing except ashes of what was before a house. However, fire can be a very destructive force. Acting too late in the instance of a fire can not only entail the loss of your property, but of your life as well. This is the reason is why having a fire alarm in your home is necessary. Brief historyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ The first automatic electric fire alarm was invented n 1890 by Francis Robbins Upton. In late 1930s the Swiss physicist Walter Jaeger tried to invent a sensor for poison gas. He expected that gas entering the sensor would bind to ionize air molecules and thereby alter an electric current in a circuit in the instrument. Francis Upton His device failed (small concentration of gas had no effect on the senors conductivity). When Jaeger lit a cigarette he was surprised to notice that a meter on eh instrument had registered a drop on current. Therefore, he discovered that smoke particles had done what poison gas could not do. Jaegers experiment was one of advances that paved the way for the modern day smoke detector. Smoke detectors started off with a generally high price that people couldnt afford, except for major businesses and theaters. The first affordable smoke detectors were invented by Duane D. Pearsall and Stanley Peterson in 1965, featuring individual battery powered units that could be easily installed and replaced. The first units for mass production came from the manufacturing mind of Stanley B. Peterson in 1975 at Duane Pearsalls company in Lakewood. These first units were made from strong fire resistant steel and shaped much like a bees hive. The battery was a rechargeable specialize unit created by gat es energy. We all know that fire alarms are designed to alert people to the possibility of a fire in their homes. Although any smoke alarm can be useful, it is often recommended that you choose a specific type of fire alarm for your home. This is because certain types of fire alarms can be more suited for certain places and for certain people. There are different types of fire alarms that people usually choose from to use in their houses for protection. Smoke detector 1) Smoke alarm detectors These are the most common types of fire alarms. Often, the term smoke alarm is used interchangeably with fire alarm. Smoke alarms actually detect smoke, not the actual fire. There are generally two types of smoke alarms: A) Photoelectric This type of fire alarm sees the smoke. This fire alarm is particularly responsive to smoldering fires or the type of fires that give out a lot of smoke. These are ideal for places where there are things like PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) or foam. This fire alarm, though, is slightly more expensive than ionization alarms. This fire alarm must also be kept clean since it can give off false alerts due to dust and insects. In one type of photoelectric device, smoke can block a light beam. In this case, the reduction in light reaching a photocell sets off the alarm. In the most common type of photoelectric unit, however, light is scattered by smoke particles onto a photocell, initiating an alarm. In this type of detector there is a T-shaped chamber with a light-emitting diode (LED) that shoots a beam of light across the horizontal bar of the T. A photocell, positioned at the bottom of the vertical base of the T, generates a current when it is exposed to light. Under smoke-free conditions, the light beam crosses the top of the T in an uninterrupted straight line, not striking the photocell positioned at a right angle below the beam. When smoke is present, the light is scattered by smoke particles, and some of the light is directed down the vertical part of the T to strike the photocell. When sufficient light hits the cell, the current triggers the alarm. Figure 1 -In this type of detector there is a figure 2- When sufficient light hits the cell, T-shaped chamber with a light-emitting the current triggers the alarm. Diode (LED) that shoots a beam of light across the horizontal bar of the T. B) Ionization This type of fire alarm detects the invisible particles caused by combustion. As opposed to the photoelectric fire alarm seeing the smoke, this type feels the smoke. This can best detect flaming fires with no visible smoke. However, you should not place this type of fire alarm in the kitchen as it is susceptible to false alarms. It is also cheaper than other types of fire alarms. Ionization detectors have an ionization chamber and a source of ionizing radiation. The ionization chamber consists of two plates separated by about a centimeter. The battery applies a voltage to the plates, charging one plate positive and the other plate negative. Alpha particles constantly released by the americium knock electrons off of the atoms in the air, ionizing the oxygen and nitrogen atoms in the chamber. The positively-charged oxygen and nitrogen atoms are attracted to the negative plate and the electrons are attracted to the positive plate, generating a small, continuous electric current. When smoke enters the ionization chamber, the smoke particles attach to the ions and neutralize them, so they do not reach the plate. The drop in current between the plates triggers the alarm. Which Method is better? Both ionization and photoelectric detectors are effective smoke sensors. Both types of smoke detectors must pass the same test to be certified as UL smoke detectors. Ionization detectors respond more quickly to flaming fires with smaller combustion particles; photoelectric detectors respond more quickly to flaming fires. In either type of detector, steam or high humidity can lead to condensation on the circuit board and sensor, causing the alarm to sound. Ionization detectors are less expensive than photoelectric detectors, but some users purposely disable them because they are more likely to sound an alarm from normal cooking due to their sensitivity to minute smoke particles. However, ionization detectors have a degree of built-in security not inherent to photoelectric detectors. When the battery starts to fail in an ionization detector, the ion current falls and the alarm sounds, warning that it is time to change the battery before the detector becomes ineffective. Back-up batteri es may be used for photoelectric detectors. Ionization chamber Heat detector Smoke alarms in homes can go off whenever theres smoke present. If a person smokes cigarettes, burns food or lights incense, a smoke alarm might go off. A heat detector, on the other hand, is indifferent to how much or what type of smoke is in the air. It will only react when it detects a change in heat, associating that heat change with the possibility of a fire in the area. 2) Heat alarm detectors- are devices that respond to changes in temperature of the surrounding area. If the ambient temperature rises above a predetermined threshold an alarm signal is triggered. In the case of sprinkle systems, water will be released to extinguish the fire. Heat detectors can also be further broken into two main classifications: Rate-of-rise heat detectors- ROR heat detectors react to the sudden change or rise in ambient temperature from a normal baseline condition. Any sudden temperature increase that matches the predetermined alarm criteria will cause an alarm. This type of heat detector can react to a lower threshold condition than would be possible if the threshold were fixed. A typical alarm may sound when the rate of the temperature rise exceeds the rate that was chosen as the normal safe rate of the temperature per minute. However, it detects fires that rapidly grow in intensity. This method responds to abnormally fast temperature increases. Fixed temperature heat detectors- this type of detector reacts when the ambient temperature reaches a fixed point. The most common fixed temperature point is 136.4 F (58C). Recent technological developments have enabled the perfection of detector that activate at a temperature of 117 F (47 C), providing increased time to escape. This method detects fires that build temperatures to a high level at a slow rate. This method responds to a specific temperature setting. A fixed head detector must be completely heated to alarm temperature and therefore a disastrous interval in time may occur with a fast rate fire. Which method is better? Heat detectors commonly have a label on them that says not a life safety device. That is because heat detectors are not meant to replace smoke detectors in the bedrooms or in the hallway outside of the bedrooms. A heat detector will nonetheless notify of a fire in a kitchen, where smoke detectors should not be installed. This will allow more time to evacuate the building or put out the fire if possible. Each type of heat detector has its advantages, and it cannot be said that one type is better than the other. If we placed a rate-of-rise heat detector above a large, closed oven, then every time the door is opened an alarm could be generated due to the sudden heat transient. In this situation the fixed threshold detector would probably be best. If a room filled with highly combustible materials is protected with a fixed heat detector then a fast-flaming fire could exceed the alarm threshold due to thermal interval. In that case the rate-of-rise heat detector may be preferred. The secret of the heat detection units sensitivity is in the design. The outer shell is made of a rapidly expanding alloy which closely follows changes in surrounding air temperature. The inner struts are made of a lower expanding alloy. Designed to resist thermal energy absorption and sealed inside the shell, the struts follow temperature changes more slowly. A slow rate fire will heat the shell and struts together. At the set point, the unit will trigger, actuating the alarm or releasing the extinguishment. A transient rush of warm air up to 40 °F /min. may expand the shell, but not enough to trigger the unit. By ignoring transient warm air excursions, the DETECT-A-FIRE unit virtually eliminates false alarms prevalent with rate-of-rise devices. If a fast rate fire starts, the shell will expand rapidly. The struts will close, actuating the alarm or releasing the agent. The faster the fire rate of growth, the sooner the DETECT-A-FIRE unit will react. Why Heat Detectors? No annoying beep when the battery is low Best loop capability Affordable compared to other detectors Immunity towards electromagnetic interference Resistive against contagion like UV and IR rays No necessity to change batteries Inherently secure and reliable